GOATSat Technical Specification
GOATSat v0.1

GOAT-Sat v0.1
Technical Specification

Generalized Orbital Add-on Technology for Microsatellites — mechanical, electrical, and software interface standard.

Version v0.1 — Draft
Published March 24, 2026
Target Class 10–100 kg Microsatellites
Data Bus CAN-FD · SpaceFibre
Architecture

Three-Layer Interface Standard

GOATSat decomposes every docking interaction into three independent, upgradeable contracts.

⚙️ M-LAYER

Mechanical

Standardized docking collar with funnel-guided blind-mate geometry for autonomous docking tolerance.

  • Keying features prevent inverted coupling
  • Passive or active retention latch
  • Defined capture zone radius and angular tolerance
  • Optional thermal contact pads with bounded conductance
  • Abandoned modules remain passively docked — no removal required
E-LAYER · SpaceFibre

Electrical

Hot-plug capable 6-group pin sequencing with deterministic FSM and hardware fault isolation.

  • GND — Make-first, ESD discharge
  • PRESENT — Open-drain detection
  • VCC_IL — Current-limited init rail
  • CAN_H/L — Negotiation bus
  • POWER — Main rail via e-fuse
  • SpaceFibre — High-speed TX/RX last
🧩 S-LAYER · CAN-FD

Software

Module discovery protocol over CAN-FD, SpaceWire, or Ethernet-TSN — profile-selectable per mission.

  • Module Descriptor broadcast on enumeration
  • Capability negotiation at discovery
  • Normalised telemetry schema across module types
  • Firmware version tracking + rollback support
  • No bespoke host firmware required for new modules
Docking Protocol

Finite State Machine —
8 Operational States

Every docking sequence is governed by a deterministic FSM. Any anomaly returns the system to S0 (safe) via controlled power isolation.

S0
Decoupled / Safe

No module coupled or not electrically reliable. All rails disabled. PRESENT monitored.

S1
Presence Detected

Physical insertion detected. Debounce validation applied to avoid false positives from mechanical bounce.

S2
VCC_IL Energised

Current-limited initialisation rail enabled. Module boots minimal MCU/FPGA logic only.

S3
CAN Discovery

CAN stack active. Module announces ID, type, version, capabilities, and power profile.

S4
Power Negotiation

Host evaluates energy budget. Assigns max current, ramp rates, and priorities. Explicit authorisation sent.

S5
POWER Enabled

Main power rail energised via hot-swap/eFuse with inrush control. Overcurrent and undervoltage monitored.

S6
SpaceFibre Active

High-speed PHY trained and link synchronised. Module switches to full operational mode.

S7
Nominal Operation

Module fully coupled, powered, and communicating. Continuous health monitoring active.

Fault States — All transitions return to S0

F0
Presence Lost

PRESENT deactivates during S2–S7. Immediate power isolation. All rails disabled. Return to S0.

F1
Overcurrent

Excess current on VCC_IL or POWER. Hardware protection trips. Cooldown lockout applied before retry.

F2
Negotiation Fail

CAN timeout, version incompatibility, or power profile not concedible. POWER kept disabled. Return to S0.

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Full Specification
Coming Soon

The complete GOATSat v0.1 specification — including full connector electrical requirements, interoperability profiles, and protocol reference implementation — is available for download below.

📋
Download Technical Specification
GOAT-Sat v0.1 · PDF
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